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Thursday, August 4, 2011

Book Review Govt 490

Govt 490 Durra Elmaki

Book Review Money by Martin Amis August 1, 2011

“If you have to go out, go out in style” is the quintessential theme of John Self’s life. Novelist Martin Amis lays out the fiasco that is John Self’s life, a controversial, delusion, self-medicated individual who’s primary delusion is the overwhelming addiction to the shady life-style choices he makes which are only facilitated through money. Self’s story seems fated for a huge crash but his insistence on living it up till the last possible moment ensures that despite the inevitable self-destruction he is headed for, he will only live spectacularly. For him, that means living a life of gluttony, where he indulges in sex, alcohol, and even junk food with no regard for the consequences, and in fact thrives for more.

The central theme revolving around Money is John Self’s self-destructive nature that struggles, almost naively with his good and evil side. Rather than developing compassion for others, as is a natural outcome for those who have suffered a great deal, Self develops a steady stream of self-pity and sorry, and at one point cries, “What is the point of me?” Obviously overwhelmed by his own mistakes and destructive nature, Self proceeds to develop an optimistic, almost artistic response to his own chaos. This is all built on the foundation of John Self’s undeniable obsession with money, where Self simplifies everything and every situation down to the dollar amount and nothing else.

One persistent source of contention lays in the blame game that Self engages himself in, trying to find justification and explanation for the chaotic life that he is leading. When he finally comes around to blaming himself for his problems, which he reluctantly does at some point, he immediately becomes confused as to why he makes such bad choices, stating, “Me, I don’t like what I want. What I want has long moved free of what I like, and I watch it slip away with grief, with helplessness.” This sense of confusion ultimately leads Self to reject self-blame and he proceeds to blame other possible targets, including the voices in his head. Of course, this is an unfair assessment and Self should be looking to blame himself for his problems and lack of desire to restrain himself from overindulging in everything. It would be an oversimplification to blame Self’s obsession on his humble upbringing but rather his money obsession is a symptom of an already self-destructive personality.

With the constant over-indulgence in all things deemed immoral, a list that ranges from alcoholism to misogyny, John Self is unrestrained in his inordinate desire to consume far more than his fair share. Rather than demonstrating some level of self-control, Self delves in the fact that in order for him to receive satisfaction in any of these things, including bad food, he has to excessively consume them. It may be that overindulging early on has lead to the dissatisfaction that Self-experiences; however, it is difficult to evaluate this because it makes less sense to not receive satisfaction from a large quantity of a good and to expect an even larger quantity to bring about any source of pleasure or contentment. Case in point, rather than enjoying a drink or two, Self indulges in a way that mirrors that drinking of an alcoholic.

Self’s refusal and vagueness to explicitly express certain things is another persistent source of contention throughout the story. There are several instances where Self conveys that either Doris or Selina had informed him about some unbelievable event yet he never discloses what the event was. This is a constant source of frustration and is similar to the frustration of Self’s selective memory where he forgets events from the night before because of his drunken state but persists in declaring that he doesn’t remember the events after someone informs him of it. In the beginning it is almost unclear whether Self is actually forgetting these events or if he finds some source of pleasure in frustrating everyone else by pretending not to remember.

A few shortcomings not withstanding, Martin Amis does an average job in telling the story of self-destructive director John Self. One of the biggest weaknesses of the story is to be found in the lack of uniqueness of the message that money corrupts. Self’s character seems common place in a world full of drug-addicted celebrities and wealthy, above the law individuals. Additionally, Self’s character lacked any form of progressive development and did not seem to make the natural progression of maturity that most adults eventually reach. The plot, or lack thereof, lacks substance and presents Self almost with the moral value of a spoiled, rich teenage boy who has enough prestige to indulge in immoral behavior, without eventually realizing the mistakes of his actions or hoping to change for a more moral character. That being said, the most enjoyable aspect of Money can be found in the humor of the story, as well as the hyperbole of the entire construct.

Fourth Writing Assignment GOVT 490

GOVT 490 Durra Elmaki

Movie Review Monsieur Verdoux July 28, 2011

“Wars, conflict,” he says in prison before his execution, “it’s all business. One murder makes a villain. Millions a hero. Numbers sanctify.” The infamous line by Henri Verdoux, at the conclusion of Monsieur Verdoux, exemplifies the primary lesson of the classic black and white film. This closing comment is a strike against the society’s acception of private and public murder, where modern-society champions war heros and is hostile to homicide murders. Henri Verdoux’s character goes through his life impacted by the corrupting ethics and even far more corrupt politics of the society that he is a part of. As a result, he is accepting of his own corruption as he struggles with his need to financially support his family and the criminal acts he is willing to engage in to obtain the money that he needs to support his family with the kind of lifestyle that he wants to sustain for them.

The central themes surrounding Monsieur Verdoux focus on the corruption of society and the corruption of the self as a result. The main character though corrupted, still remains compassionate to his victims. Despite marrying multiple women, with the sole motivation of stealing their wealth and killing them, he murders them compassionately by using a painless poison. His affection and passion for his disabled wife and son comes through as he becomes willing to engage in even more audacious behavior in order to ensure that they don't return to the life of financial hardship that they once had to endure. In one of the scenes earlier on in the film, while speaking to his wife Henri Verdoux seems pained when his wife mentions the time in their life when they were sharing one bedroom. Despite his wife’s plea that she would rather live that life with the happiness that they had shared then to have the financial wealth and not be happy, Henri was disillusioned and insistent that the money they had now was ensuring of their happiness.

His manipulations and mistreatment of women is a rather contentious issue throughout the film. He sees them as disposable figures in his quest to obtain the money that he wants to have. Despite his somewhat compassionate murderous style, he has not problem manipulating them in order to murder them. He has no regard for their emotional state and is willing to make them vulnerable and trusting of him, despite his ill-intended motivations. An interesting aspect of his character is his ability to remain civilized and well mannered despite his corrupt motivations. This ability to continue to be polite makes it easy for him to charm the women that he hopes to marry and enables him to earn their trust that much faster. One of the earlier scenes in the film shows Henri snipping roses from his garden very calming despite an incinerator raging behind him. Of course this comes to an end when two women demonstrate their conniving side to him and present to be a bit of a challenge to his manipulative game.

The film was a bit of a controversy during the time of its release and it was banned by several theaters from being displayed. The hostility towards the film surrounded the film’s central theme of the pessimistic opinion of human nature and the stable presentation of the acceptance of this pessimism. The film’s release was ill-timed since the United State’s public was in a celebratory mood after the success that the country experienced following the conclusion of World War 2. The country was feeling optimistic about its new position in the world.

Third Writing Assignment Govt 490

Govt 490 Durra Elmaki

Paper #3 July 26, 2011

The Massacre of the Innocents by Peter Paul Rubens has historically been one of the most expensive paintings, most recently sold in 2002 at an auction in London for $76 million to private buyer Kenneth Thomson. Ruben’s painting was highly undervalued for an extensive period of time, since it was attributed to be the work of one of his students, Jan van den Hoecke. The substantial increase in the painting’s value reflected the price tag that many feel is worthy of Rubens work, demonstrated the sharp difference in value that consumers are willing to pay for different artist, despite the fact that the painting is one and the same. This is similar to the difference in price that we find in every day products where the generic brand is substantial cheaper than the brand name item.

The canvas painting was a depiction of the soldiers of Herod, who were set out to massacre the children of Bethlehem, after the Three Wise Men had informed the king that there was a king born to the Jews. The Gospel as told by Matthew of course inspired the painting, given the challenge to the secular authority that was anticipated with the birth of the Jewish king. Ruben’s painting is explosively chaotic, conveying a sense of urgency in quickly putting an end to the threat of the secular king. Religion has historically been viewed as an alternative authority to the secular state, despite differences in political institutions. This has a great deal to do with religion authority often being perceived to be above secular laws and leadership; however, it also is seen to be a distraction from the worldly things that secular stances push for. In addition, religious laws, can prevent methods of wealth, such as the Abrahamic laws that forbid the use of interest (usury).

First Writing Assignment Govt 490

Govt. 490 Durra Elmaki

Paper#1 July 6, 2011

The relatively high number of U.S mortgages being delinquent or in foreclosure in 2009 is reflective of the economic hardship that the overall U.S economy has been experiencing since 2008, particularly since the housing bubble problems arose. Several terms became prominent during the recent financial crisis including TARP, adjustable rate mortgages, subprime mortgages, investment banks, collateralized debt obligation and credit default swaps all played a contributing role to the shaken faith in the financial, credit market. Additionally, these risky financial instruments led to the American public’s demand for greater regulation and oversight of the financial sector; however, rather than imposing greater oversight that United States Treasury allocated several bailout packages.

Adjustable rate mortgages were a key component of the mortgage crisis that was taking place in 2009 and is a great example of the sort of risky financial instruments used. By definition an adjustable rate mortgage is different from a fixed-rate by having interest rates that change periodically, rather than having the interest rate stay the same during the life of the loan, which greatly alters the amount of the payments. Despite the fact that many individuals lost their homes due to these ARMs many people are still attracted to them because of the initially low interest rate.

Subprime mortgages are loans that are made to individuals that are generally higher credit risks; therefore the loans have substantially higher interest rates and unfavorable terms in order to compensate for the possible defaulting of the loan by the individual. As Zuckerman explains, “In 2000, more than $160 billion of mortgage loans were outstanding to “subprime” borrowers, a euphemistic phrase invented by lenders to describe those with credit below the top “prime” grade.”[1] Unfortunately, adjustable rate mortgages and subprime mortgages go hand in hand, “by and large, the ARM markets as polluted by the abuses that went on with subprime mortgages,” said Guy Cecala, publisher of Inside Mortgage Finance, adding that “prime” mortgages sold to borrowers with solid credit histories tend to have much clearer terms.”[2]

Collateralized debt obligation CDOs are investment-grade security backed by a pool of bonds, loans, and other assets and generally apply to debts that are non-mortgage. Credit Default Swaps essentially function as a form of insurance that provides protection to the lender in case of a loan default. Both CDOs and credit default swaps were used heavily by various financial institutions at the turn of the 21st century; however, since the economic downturn has taken place many investment and financial firms have been brought under investigation by federal prosecutors because of speculations of fraud taking place thru using these two investment tools.

In an attempt to halt the mortgage crisis or rather the housing bubble, former President Bush signed into law the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) in October 2008, in order to help strengthen the financial sector. Affectively the TARP program allowed the United States Department of the Treasury to purchase what were then considered to be troubled assets, greatly in order to help restore credit in the credit markets and to help avoid a catastrophic breakdown of the U.S economy.



[1] Zuckerman, Gregory. The Greatest Trade Ever: the Behind-the-scenes Story of How John Paulson Defied Wall Street and Made Financial History. New York: Broadway, 2009. Print.

[2] Bernard, Tara Siegel. "Adjustable-Rate Mortgages: Borrowers Diving Back In Again - NYTimes.com." Money, Personal Finance, Consumer Reviews - Bucks Blog - NYTimes.com. Web. 06 July 2011. .

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